Review finds possible short-term symptom relief, but not enough evidence for…

Are Cannabis and Cannabinoids a Valid Treatment Option in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases? A narrative review.

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AI Summary

This narrative review asked whether cannabis and cannabinoid therapies are effective and safe for people with rheumatic diseases. It searched for studies published from 2000 to 2026 and identified 17 preclinical studies and 43 clinical studies, including randomized trials, observational studies, and systematic reviews. The abstract does not report pooled effect sizes or other quantitative treatment outcomes.

Evidence of possible benefit was strongest for fibromyalgia and more limited for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Most studies reported improvements in pain and sleep quality, and cannabinoids were generally described as well tolerated. However, findings were inconsistent, and the authors conclude that evidence is insufficient to support routine clinical use or recommendations. As an abstract-based summary, this review cannot establish how much benefit patients may experience; its conclusions are limited by small samples, varied formulations, and risk of bias in the underlying studies.

💡 Key Findings

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The review identified 43 clinical studies of cannabinoid therapies in rheumatic diseases, alongside 17 preclinical studies.
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Evidence of an effect was strongest for fibromyalgia and limited for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.
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Most studies reported improvements in pain and sleep quality, but findings were inconsistent and the abstract provides no pooled effect estimate.
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The authors conclude that evidence is insufficient to support routine clinical use or recommendations for rheumatic diseases.
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📄 Original Abstract

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate current evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of cannabis and cannabinoids in patients with rheumatic diseases. METHODS: A narrative review was conducted based on a search for studies published between 2000 and 2026 evaluating cannabinoid therapies in rheumatic diseases. RESULTS: We identified 17 preclinical studies on the mechanisms of action of cannabis and 43 clinical studies published between 2000 and 2026, including randomized trials, observational studies and systematic reviews. We identified two articles on rheumatoid arthritis, 10 on osteoarthritis (2 reviews and 8 clinical studies), 28 on fibromyalgia (9 reviews, 7 randomized control trials, 12 clinical studies), one on psoriatic arthritis, and one on systemic sclerosis. The evidence of an effect of cannabinoids was strongest for fibromyalgia and limited for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Most studies reported improvements in pain and sleep quality. Globally, cannabinoids were well tolerated. CONCLUSION: Some studies suggest short-term symptomatic benefits of cannabinoid-based therapies, particularly in fibromyalgia, but the findings are inconsistent and limited by small samples, heterogeneous formulations, and risk of bias. Current evidence is insufficient to support routine clinical use or recommendations in rheumatic diseases.

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